In the early nineteenth century many scientists had glimmerings of the conservation-of-energy principle. The three most important among these were the Frenchman Marc Séguin, the American-born, well-travelled soldier of fortune Benjamin Thompson, and the chief engineer of the city of Copenhagen, Ludwig Colding.
The three men whose work later in the nineteenth century was crucial in bringing clarity to this principle were two Germans, the physician Julius Robert Mayer and the great polymath Hermann von Helmholtz, and the British amateur scientist James Joule. In a lecture delivered by Helmholtz on February 7, , in Königsberg on "The Interaction of Natural Forces," he referred to Mayer as "the founder" in of the principle of conservation of energy and acknowledged Mayer's priority in this discovery over Colding (), Joule (), and Helmholtz himself (). Rudolf Clausius agreed with Helmholtz and put Mayer in touch with the British physicist John Tyndall, who quickly became Mayer's English champion in his long-drawn-out priority dispute with Joule and his British supporters, William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) and George G. Stokes.
MAYER'S LIFE AND CONTRIBUTIONS T
Nov, 25
Julius Robert von Mayer
Julius Robert von Mayer, German physician and physicist (d. ) Julius Robert von Mayer (25 November – 20 March ) was a German physician, chemist and physicist and one of the founders of thermodynamics. He is best known for enunciating in one of the original statements of the conservation of energy or what is now known as one of the first versions of the first law of thermodynamics, namely that "energy can be neither created nor destroyed". In , Mayer described the vital chemical process now referred to as oxidation as the primary source of energy for any living creature. His achievements were overlooked and priority for the discovery of the mechanical equivalent of heat was attributed to James Joule in the following year. He also proposed that plants convert light into chemical energy.
Julius von Mayer
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Julius Robert von Mayer (25 de noviembre de – 20 de marzo de ) fue un médico, químico y físico alemán, y uno de los fundadores de la termodinámica.
Es más conocido por enunciar en una de las primeras afirmaciones sobre la conservación de la energía, o lo que ahora se conoce como una de las primeras versiones de la primera ley de la termodinámica, a saber, que «la energía no puede ser creada ni destruida».
En , Mayer describió el proceso químico vital ahora conocido como oxidación como la fuente principal de energía para cualquier ser vivo. Sus logros pasaron desapercibidos y la prioridad en el descubrimiento del equivalente mecánico del calor se atribuyó a James Joule al año siguiente. También propuso que las plantas convierten la luz en energía química.
Primeros años y educación
Mayer nació el 25 de noviembre de en Heilbronn, Wurtemberg (Baden-Wurtemberg, en la actual Alemania), hijo de un farmacéutico. Creció en Heilbronn.
Despu&eac
Scientist of the Day - Julius Robert von Mayer
Statue of Julius Robert von Mayer, town hall square, Heilbronn, Baden-Württemberg, Germany (Wikimedia commons)
Julius Robert von Mayer, a German physician and would-be physicist, died Mar. 20, , at the age of The s were an amazing decade in the history of thermodynamics, as a number of scientists, quite independently, discovered the principle of the conservation of energy. Actually, they discovered the concept of energy itself, and then that energy is a quantity that is conserved in all interactions. Most of those who stumbled on the idea of the conservation of energy, like James Joule, were mathematical or experimental physicists. Mayer, a medical man, was the exception.
Mayer (who went by the name of Robert) was born in Heilbronn in southwestern Germany, the son of a pharmacist. He attended medical school at the nearby University of Tübingen, and before he settled down to practice in Heilbronn, he decided to see the world, by way of signing on as ship’s doctor for a year-long Dutch voyage to the East Indies. While engaged in the bloodletting of several feverish sailors, he happened to notice that the blood in thei
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