Mahmoud Abbas Biography
AP/Wide World Photos.
March 26, &#x; Safed, British Mandate of Palestine
President of Palestinian National Authority
Since the s Mahmoud Abbas has been a key player in Middle East politics, but until the early s he primarily worked in the shadow of Palestinian leader Yassar Arafat (&#x;). Although a popular and charismatic leader, Arafat was also known for his terrorist tactics and his resistance to working for a peaceful settlement of the Arab-Israeli conflict that had been brewing in the region for decades. (Arab Palestinians had been fighting Jewish Israelis over land rights ever since the Jewish state had been created in ) Abbas, on the other hand, was considered a man of compromise who was devoted to nonviolent negotiation. In he briefly served as prime minister of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA), and in January , in the first democratic Arab election, Abbas was voted PNA president. Western nations, including the United States, viewed the newly elected president as a hopeful symbol of peace. Feelings among his own people were mixed as Abbas was confronted with fractured political parties and continued viole
Profile: Mahmoud Abbas
Mr Abbas won a convincing victory in |
Mahmoud Abbas, also known as Abu Mazen, has led the Palestinian Authority since he was elected as its president in January
But his term in office has been dogged by the deep schism between his own Fatah movement in the West Bank and the militant Hamas movement, which controls the Gaza Strip.
Mr Abbas, opposed to armed struggle and committed to pursuing an independent Palestinian state through negotiations, has enjoyed strong support from the international community.
Under his leadership, US and European money has flowed into the West Bank to build up security forces which he has used to crack down on militant activity and Hamas's political infrastructure.
But in the face of scant progress from years of negotiations, and the tough stance of the right-wing government of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu elected in early , his strategy has looked increasingly bankrupt to many Palestinians.
Legitimacy questioned
A year after Mr Abbas won presidential elections, he suffered a major blow as Hamas gained a sweeping victory in legislative polls.
A short-lived unity government was
* Born Mahmoud Reda Abbas "Abu Mazen" in Safad in
* Forced to resort with his family to Syria after the attack on the city of Safad and its occupation by the Jewish organizations in April
* At the age of thirteen he had to work to help his family for two years, later joined the school and completed the secondary stage and worked as a teacher, continued his study at home and obtained a high school, then attended the University of Damascus, affiliation with a Bachelor in Law in
* In , he worked at the Ministry of Education of Qatar as Director of personnel, during which he visited the West Bank and Gaza Strip several times to select the teachers and staff to work in Qatar. He continued his work until , where he devoted himself fully to the national duty.
* He contributed to the establishment of the Palestinian National Liberation Movement (Fatah), which was launched in
* He received his Ph.D. from the Institute of Oriental Studies in Moscow in , and the subject of the message was "The secret relations between Nazi Germany and the Zionist movement.”
* Served as a member of the Central Committee of Fatah Movement since
* Served as Secretary of the Executive Commit
Mahmoud Abbas
| President of the Palestinian Authority, leader of the Fatah party Date of Birth: |
Content:
- Early Life and Education
- Involvement with the Palestinian Liberation Organization
- Leadership Roles and the Oslo Accords
- Prime Ministership
- Presidency
Early Life and Education
Mahmoud Abbas, also known as Abu Mazen, was born in in Safed, Palestine (now part of northern Israel). In , during the Arab-Israeli War, his family moved to Syria.
After graduating with a law degree from Damascus University, Abbas pursued his doctorate in Oriental Studies at the Institute of Oriental Studies in Moscow, focusing on the history of Zionism.
Involvement with the Palestinian Liberation Organization
Abbas became involved with the Palestinian national movement in the s. He co-founded Fatah, which later became the largest faction within the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO).
Leadership Roles and the Oslo Accords
In , Abbas was elected to the PLO Executive Committee. He held various leadership positions within the organization, including Secretary-General of the Executive Committee from
Abbas actively participated in the negotiations leading to the Oslo Acco
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