Thomas Jefferson (April 13, –July 4, ) was a leading Founding Father of the United States, the author of the Declaration of Independence () and he served as the third President of the US (–). Jefferson was a committed Republican – arguing passionately for liberty, democracy and devolved power. Jefferson also wrote the Statute for Religious Freedom in – it was adopted by the state of Virginia in Jefferson was also a noted polymath with wide-ranging interests from architecture to gardening, philosophy, literature and education. Although a slave owner himself, Jefferson sought to introduce a bill () to end slavery in all Western territories. As President, he signed a bill to ban the importation of slaves into the US ().
Jefferson&#;s Childhood
Jefferson was born to a materially prosperous family in Shadwell, Goochland County, Virginia. His father, Peter Jefferson, was a land and slave owner in Virginia. When his father later died in , Jefferson inherited 5, acres, including Monticello. As a young child, Thomas Jefferson was an enthusiastic student often spending up to 15 hours a day studying. He was to retain a lifelong interest in reading. He had both a keen intellect and also
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Well known as a politician and architect, Thomas Jefferson also made important contributions to science. He was elected the third president not only of the United States but also of that most august of scientific clubs, the American Philosophical Society, following in the footsteps of Benjamin Franklin and David Rittenhouse. He penned what was arguably the most important American scientific work of the eighteenth century, Notes on the State of Virginia. He designed architecture that promoted a healthy mind in a healthy body and the prevention of infectious diseases, and devised codes and a cipher machine to shield the new Republic against threats of foreign espionage. In his new book, Martin Clagett explores these and other achievements, returning Jefferson to his rightful place as an innovator in the scientific realm.
Scientific Jefferson: Revealed explores how science shaped Thomas Jefferson's views on politics, religion, economics, and social developments in America. The first of all sciences for Jefferson was agriculture, to which he was attached "by inclination as well as by conviction that it is the most useful of occupations of man.
Jefferson and the Politics of Architecture
Joshua Johns
"How is a taste in this beautiful art to be formed in our countrymen, unless we avail ourselves of every occasion when public buildings are to be erected, of presenting to them models for their study and imitation?You see, I am an enthusiast on the subject of the arts. But it is an enthusiasm of which I am not ashamed, as its object is to improve the taste of my countrymen, to increase their reputation, to reconcile them to the rest of the world, and procure them its praise."
--to James Madison, September 20,
The Papers of Thomas Jefferson; ed. Julian Boyd,
Jefferson and the Politics of Architecture
Among the many groups which look to Jefferson as the model of their purpose and embodiment of their ideals, American architects especially can attribute the roots of their profession to the "Sage of Monticello." Although never formally trained in architecture, Jefferson had studied the structures of Europe and read extensively on the great architects of Europe. Possessed by a penchant for Palladio and a natural ability for design, Jefferson set out to the wilderness of Piedmont Virginia to create his architectural
Thomas Jefferson was one of the foremost architects of his day, especially when it came to the classical tradition which was popular at the time. The single building that most influenced his ideas about architecture was the Maison Carrée, a Roman ruin in Nimes, France, which Jefferson considered the finest remaining example of classical design.
Monticello, Charlottesville Thomas Jefferson began construction on his personal home (and base of operations for his extensive plantation and land holdings) in , but numerous remodelings and design changes delayed completion until Jefferson borrowed many ideas from classical European buildings for Monticello's design -- the columned portico came from the Temple of Vesta in Rome, the centralized plan from Andrea Palladio's Villa Rotunda in Vicenza, and the dome from the Hotel Salm in Paris.
Poplar Forest, Bedford County Jefferson began the construction of this octagonal brick house in Here he was able to put many of the architectural ideas he had collected throughout his years of study and travels to use. The 16th century Italian architect Andrea Palladio greatly influenced Jefferson's plan fo
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