Federico Scott Archer
Frederick Scott Archer ( – 1 de mayo de ) fue un fotógrafo y escultor inglés mejor conocido por haber inventado el proceso fotográfico de colodión que precedió a la moderna emulsión de gelatina. Nació en Bishop's Stortford o Hertford, dentro del condado de Hertfordshire, Inglaterra (Reino Unido de Gran Bretaña e Irlanda) y es recordado principalmente por este único logro que aumentó en gran medida la accesibilidad de la fotografía para el público en general.
Vida
Scott Archer era el segundo hijo de un carnicero de Bishops Stortford, en Hertfordshire, que fue a Londres para realizar un aprendizaje como orfebre y platero con un tal Sr. Massey del de Leadenhall Street.
Por recomendación de Edward Hawkins, se formó en las escuelas de la Royal Academy como escultor y encontró útil la fotografía de calotipo como forma de capturar imágenes de sus esculturas. Insatisfecho con la mala definición y el contraste del calotipo y las largas exposiciones necesarias, Scott Archer inventó el nuevo proceso en y lo publicó en The Chemist en marzo de , permitiendo a los fotógrafos combinar los finos detalles del Daguerrotipo con la
Early Photographic Processes
Wet Collodion Process
s
Discovery
Pioneers
Gustave le Gray, RJ Bingham and Frederick Scott Archer each considered creating a photographic plate by coating glass with collodion.
It was Archer (), after discovering the process in , who published an account of it in , and is generally credited with the discovery. [PCH], [Charles A Long]
An article entitled The Early History of the Wet Collodion Process appeared in The British Journal of Photography, on 8 Jan [p].
This article includes reference to a paper by Archer published in The Chemist, March Further letters and articles on the 'Archer v. Bingham' controversy appeared in the BJP during
Frederick Scott Archer
Seán MacKenna who lives and works in London is a practicing wet collodion photographer. He describes himself as 'also poet and tragedian'.
He has constructed a series of web pages to honour the memory of Frederick Scott Archer, including:
- the complete text of Archer's first publication in 'The Chemist, '
- Archer's complete manual published in , 'The Coll
If there is anybody in photography history to be called the earliest inspiration for creating a free web encyclopedia about cameras in the 21st century, it must have been the sculptor and photographer Frederick Scott Archer ( born , Bishop's Stortford, Hertfordshire, died May ). In he started work on the collodion process; publishing in he revolutionized photography, overcoming the established processes that were still the ones of the pioneers William Henry Fox Talbot and Louis Jacques Mandé Daguerre. Collodion, a material "made by dissolving a form of gun-cotton in ether" [Coe], and potassium iodide gave the first kind of a photographic emulsion for making sharp photographic negatives efficiently. The emulsion was poured onto clean glass plates, and after the ether was almost evaporated the plates were given into a silver nitrate bath to sensitize them. The moistened plates had to be exposed while they were still wet, and immediately after exposure they had to be developed. "The collodion negative could record fine detail and subtle tones" [Coe]. That was a clear step forward, especially compared to earlier negative-positive processes like Talbot's
Frederick Scott Archer, known as the inventor of the first practical photographic process to be both sharp and easily reproducible, Frederick Scott Archer was born in England. The son of a butcher, he lost his parents at a young age and was brought up by distant relatives and friends. He was apprenticed to a bullion dealer and silversmith in London. He eventually began working as a sculptor, and set up a studio where created busts of well-known people. In , he began using photography as an aid in his work, and soon began devoting all his time to the new art. () Though Archer was trained in the calotype process, he was unsatisfied with the texture and unevenness of the paper negative. He experimented with a variety of solutions and surfaces, and in made a breakthrough when he coated a glass plate with a collodion solution and exposed the plate while it was still wet. Archer delayed publishing his process until his results were consistent. His first article was published in The Chemist in March, , and in he published A Manual of the Collodion Photographic Process. Images created using the collodion wet plate process were sharp like the daguerreotype, easily reproducible
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Frederick Scott Archer
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